Salts of metal-free anionic dyes having cations containing sterically hindered amine groups

ABSTRACT

Salts of the formula 
     
         F.sub.n.A 
    
     wherein F is an anion of a metal-free anionic dye having m acid groups 
     wherein 
     m is 1 to 4, inclusive, 
     A is a cation of an amine containing 1 to 6 sterically hindered amine groups, and 
     n is 1 or 2, 
     with the proviso that the salt contains 1 to n×m groups selected from ammonium and immonium groups, useful as pigments, particularly for the coloring of solvent-free and solvent-containing plastic materials, lacquers and printing inks.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/166,410, filed Dec. 13, 1993 and now U.S. Pat. No. 5,510,467, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/968,785, filed Oct. 30, 1992 and now abandoned, which, in turn, is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/689,408, filed Apr. 22, 1991 and now abandoned, which, in turn, is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 07/592,163 filed Oct. 3, 1990, and now abandoned.

The invention relates to new organic compounds which are practically water-insoluble salts of acid dyestuffs with basic compounds which have at least one sterically hindered amine group. These compounds are excellent as pigments, particularly for the dyeing of solvent-free and solvent-containing plastic materials.

According to the invention there is provided salts of formula I

    F.sub.n.A                                                  (I)

in which

F is the residue of a metal-free anionic dyestuff having m acid groups,

n is 1 or 2;

m is 1 to 4; and

A is a group containing 1 to 4 sterically hindered amine groups, whereby from 1 to n×m ammonium and/or immonium groups are present in a salt of formula I.

Preferably the acid groups are selected from sulpho and carboxy.

Where the number of ammonium and immonium groups in A is fewer than the number of acid groups in F_(n), any excess acid groups are in free acid form. All other acid groups are in salt form.

In this specification a sterically hindered amine group is preferably one containing a 2,2,6,6-tetralkylpiperidinyl group, preferably wherein each alkyl is C₁₋₄ alkyl, more preferably methyl.

The pigments according to the invention are excellent for coloring PVC, all types of polyolefin (HDPE or LDPE (high density polyethylene or low density polyethylene) polypropylene, polyisobutylene, poly-4-methylpentene and copolymers of these). Further, the compounds according to the invention can be used for coloring polystyrene (and copolymers thereof), ABS, Polyvinylacetate, Polyvinylalcohol, Polyacetates, Polyether (POM), Polyacrylates, Polyacrylonitrile, Polyacrylamide, Polyvinylidenechloride, Polyesters, Polyethers, Polythioethers and Thioplasts, Polycarbonates, Polyurethanes, Cellulose derivatives, and Maleic acid, Melamine, Phenol, Aniline, Furane, Carbamide, Epoxide and Silicone resins. The compounds of formula I can also be used in lacquers and printing inks for the graphics industry.

Preferably F is F', where F' is a group derived from an acid group-containing non-metallised dyestuff of the azo series, of the phthalocyanine series, of the anthraquinone series, of the perylene series, of the indigo series, of the thioindigo series, of the pyrazolone series, of the perinone series, of the quinacridone series, of the dioxazine series, of the isoindoline series, of the isoindolinone series, of the diketopyrrole series or of the pyrrole series, especially of the azo, phthalocyanine, indigo, anthraquinone, dioxazine and isoindoline series.

Preferably F' is Fa, where Fa is a group derived from an acid-containing non-metallized dyestuff of the azo, anthraquinone or pyrazolone series. More preferably, Fa is Fb where Fb is selected from a group derived from compounds of formula II, III or IV: ##STR1## in which R₁₉ is ##STR2## wherein each R₂₀ independently is halogen, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy and hydrogen or R₂₁ is hydrogen, sulpho, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, halogen, --C(halogen)₃ or ##STR3## R₂₂ is carboxy or ##STR4## wherein R₂₃ is sulpho, halogen, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy or hydrogen;

with the proviso that R₂₂ is carboxy or contains a sulfo group when R₁₉ does not contain a sulpho group; ##STR5## in which R₃₀ is carboxy or C₁₋₄ alkyl; R₂₄ is phenyl or phenyl monosubstituted by sulpho, with the proviso that when neither R₁₉ nor R₂₄ contains a sulpho group, R₃₀ is carboxy; ##STR6## wherein R₂₅ is sulpho, hydrogen or halogen; with the proviso that when the compound contains one R₂₅ group and R₂₅ is other than sulpho, at least one R₂₈ is carboxy or sulpho, and when the compound contains two R₂₅ groups, at least one of them is sulpho;

R₂₇ is hydrogen or cyclohexyl, ##STR7## wherein each R₂₈ independently is carboxy, C₁₋₄ alkyl, sulpho, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, halogen, hydrogen or --NHCO--C₆ H₅, and R₄₀ is hydrogen, methyl, --CH₂ NHCOC(Cl)═CH₂ or --NH--CO--C₁₋₄ alkyl; and R₄₁ is hydrogen or halogen.

Even more specifically F is F", where F" is a compound of formulae F₁ to F₄₃ : ##STR8## wherein each R₉ is independently chloro, bromo, C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkoxy,

p is 1, 2 or 3, and

q is 1 or 2.

Preferably any sterically hindered amine group present is selected from formulae (a) to (e) below: ##STR9## in which R₁₁ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl, preferably hydrogen or methyl, more preferably hydrogen;

each R₁₂ independently is C₁₋₆ alkyl, preferably methyl;

both groups R₁₃ independently are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl or one group R₁₃ is phenyl and the other R₁₃ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl or both groups R₁₃ together form a group of --(CH₂)--₅₋₁₁ and Y is a group of the formula ##STR10##

Preferably A is A' where A' is a cationic group derived from a compound selected from A₁ -A₂₉. ##STR11## in which R₃ is 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-4-;

R₄ is a group of formula b) defined above;

R₅ is a group of formula c) as defined above, wherein Y is ##STR12## R₅ ' is a group of formula c) as defined above, wherein Y is ##STR13## where the * atom is attached to the piperidyl group; R₆ is a group of formula d) defined above, and

R₇ is a group of formula e) defined above; the other symbols appearing in said formulae being as defined above.

The production of the compounds A1 to A29 can be carried out by known methods, preferably through condensation of the corresponding amine with the corresponding carboxylic acid (or carboxylic acid chloride) or, for example, the condensation of the corresponding amine with trichlorotriazine, dichloroquinazoline, dichloroquinoxaline, dichlorophthalazine or tri- or tetrachloropyrimidine. Corresponding compounds containing the groups of formulae a) to e) are known.

The production of the new pigments can be carried out by salting the appropriate dyestuff with a basic compound A by known methods. For example, acid dyestuffs as obtained after production, i.e. in the form of sodium salts, can be reacted in the presence of an adequate amount of mineral acid (for example HCl) with the basic components A to form the salt.

The compounds of formula I are very strong in color, either when they are used in small amounts or when they are used in the usual amounts for other organic pigments. Normal amounts used are from 0.02 to 5%, more preferably 0.06 to 3%, by weight of the substrate to be pigmented. The colorings using the compounds of formula I show excellent light fastness. Furthermore the substrates to which the compounds of formula I have been applied show excellent stability against the detrimental effects of UV light, heat and oxidation.

The following examples illustrate the invention, in which all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures given are in °C.

EXAMPLE 1

a) 10.15 parts of terephthalic acid dichloride are stirred into 70 parts of toluene and 19.5 parts of triacetone diamine, the compound of the formula ##STR14## are added at room temperature over 3 hours. The resulting suspension is diluted with a further 30 parts of toluene and then boiled under reflux for 18 hours continually stirring. The resulting precipitate is then filtered, washed with acetone, stirred in 50 parts of water, brought to a pH of about 13 with sodium hydroxide, filtered again, washed with water again and dried under vacuum. The resulting white powder melts at temperatures over 300°.

b) 4.84 parts of 3,4-dichloroaniline-6-sulphonic acid are dissolved in 11 parts of 15% hydrochloric acid, the solution is cooled to 0° to 4° and then diazotised with 6 parts of 4N NaNO₂, the NaNO₂ excess being destroyed with aminosulphonic acid. A solution of 3.48 parts of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone in 20 parts of water and 2.2 parts of 30% sodium hydroxide is added while keeping the mixture at 0 to 40, the addition being carried out slowly and under stirring. This is then stirred for 18 hours at room temperature, then heated while stirring for 2 hours to 60° and filtered, and the residue is washed with water. It is then dried, then taken up in water again and the pH is brought to about 8.5 using dilute NaOH.

c) 4.42 parts of the product of a) above is brought into solution in 30 parts water and 1.9 parts of 33% hydrochloric acid. The mixture of part b) is added slowly over 30 minutes while stirring and, to improve the stirrability, further water is added to the mixture. The mixture is the heated for 21/2 hours to 60° and cooled to room temperature, and the residue is filtered, washed with water and dried, the melting point of the resulting yellow-orange powder is over 300°.

By a method analogous to that of Example 1, further pigments of the formula

    F.sub.n.A

in which the symbols defined in the Table below can be prepared from known compound. The nuance of the pigmented substrate is given in the last column.

                  TABLE                                                            ______________________________________                                         Example                             Variation of                               Number   n         F         A      Coloration                                 ______________________________________                                         2        1         F.sub.6   A.sub.1                                                                               yellow                                     3        1         F.sub.6   A.sub.21                                                                              yellow                                     4        1         F.sub.6   A.sub.5                                                                               yellow                                     5        1         F.sub.6   A.sub.4                                                                               yellow                                     6        1         F.sub.1   A.sub.21                                                                              red                                        7        1         F.sub.7   A.sub.21                                                                              yellow                                     8        1         F.sub.1   A.sub.5                                                                               red                                        9        1         F.sub.7   A.sub.5                                                                               yellow                                     10       1         F.sub.1   A.sub.4                                                                               red                                        11       1         F.sub.7   A.sub.4                                                                               yellow                                     12       1         F.sub.1   A.sub.1                                                                               red                                        13       1         F.sub.7   A.sub.1                                                                               yellow                                     14       2         F.sub.2   A.sub.5                                                                               red                                        15       2         F.sub.3   A.sub.5                                                                               red                                        16       2         F.sub.8   A.sub.5                                                                               yellow                                     17       2         F.sub.15  A.sub.5                                                                               yellow                                     18       2         F.sub.15  A.sub.2                                                                               yellov                                     19       2         F.sub.5   A.sub.5                                                                               red                                        20       2         F.sub.2   A.sub.2                                                                               orange-red                                 21       1         F.sub.2   A.sub.2                                                                               red                                        22       2         F.sub.5   A.sub.2                                                                               red                                        23       2         F.sub.4   A.sub.2                                                                               red                                        24       2         F.sub.4   A.sub.5                                                                               orange-red                                 25       2         F.sub.16  A.sub.4                                                                               red                                        26       2         F.sub.17  A.sub.5                                                                               blue                                       27       2         F.sub.26  A.sub.5                                                                               blue                                       28       2         F.sub.29  A.sub.5                                                                               blue                                       29       2         F.sub.9   A.sub.24                                                                              red                                        30       2         F.sub.10  A.sub.24                                                                              red                                        31       2         F.sub.11  A.sub.24                                                                              red                                        32       2         F.sub.12  A.sub.23                                                                              red                                        33       1         F.sub.13  A.sub.23                                                                              red                                        34       2         F.sub.14  A2.sub.2                                                                              blue                                       35       2         F.sub.16  A.sub.23                                                                              blue                                       36       2         F.sub.18  A.sub.3                                                                               blue                                       37       2         F.sub.19  A.sub.8                                                                               blue                                       38       2         F.sub.20  A.sub.9                                                                               blue                                       39       2         F.sub.21  A.sub.11                                                                              blue                                       40       2         F.sub.22  A.sub.17                                                                              blue                                       41       2         F.sub.23  A.sub.20                                                                              blue                                       42       2         F.sub.24  A.sub.19                                                                              blue                                       43       2         F.sub.25  A.sub.14                                                                              blue                                       44       2         F.sub.31  A.sub.23                                                                              red                                        45       1         F.sub.33  A.sub.23                                                                              red                                        46       1         F.sub.35  A.sub.2                                                                               red                                        47       1         F.sub.35  A.sub.5                                                                               red                                        48       1         F.sub.36  A.sub.5                                                                               violet                                     49       1         F.sub.36  A.sub.6                                                                               violet                                     50       1         F.sub.41  A.sub.7                                                                               blue                                       51       1         F.sub.37  A.sub.8                                                                               red-violet                                 52       2         F.sub.42  A.sub.9                                                                               yellow                                     53       2         F.sub.42  A.sub.10                                                                              yellow                                     54       1         F.sub.41  A.sub.14                                                                              blue                                       55       2         F.sub.41  A.sub.17                                                                              blue                                       56       2         F.sub.39  A.sub.18                                                                              red                                        57       1         F.sub.38  A.sub.6                                                                               orange                                     58       1         F.sub.43 (a = 2)                                                                         A.sub.6                                                                               yellow                                     59       2         F.sub.40  A.sub.22                                                                              red                                        ______________________________________                                    

Examples 48-50, 52-55 and 57-59 are mixtures.

APPLICATION EXAMPLE A

4 parts of the pigment of Example 1 are ground together with 96 parts of a mixture of

50 parts of 60% solution of Coco-aldehyde-melamine resin having a fat content in Xylene of 32%,

30 parts of 50% melamine resin solution in butanol,

10 parts of xylene and

10 parts of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether

for 24 hours in a ball mill. The resulting dispersion is then sprayed onto an aluminum sheet, dried for 30 minutes in air and then stoved for 30 minutes at 120°. A brilliant reddish-yellow film with very good light and weathering properties results.

APPLICATION EXAMPLE B

A 0.1% dye colored PVC sheet (colored pigment to white pigment ratio being 1:5) can be made as follows;

16.5 parts of a mixture of equal parts of dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate are mixed

0.05 parts of the pigment of Example 1 and

0.25 parts of titanium dioxide.

33.5 parts of polyvinylchloride are added. The mixture is then rolled between two rollers to produce a sheet that is cut up with a spatula and rolled together again. One of the rollers is kept at a temperature of 40° the other at a temperature of 140°. Finally the mixture is then taken off as a sheet and pressed between to polishing metal plates 160° for 5 minutes.

A reddish-yellow colored PVC folio having a high brilliance and very good migration and light fastness properties results.

Application Examples A & B can be repeated using instead of the pigment of Example 1, an equivalent amount of any one of the products of Examples 2-59, inclusive. 

We claim:
 1. A salt of the formula

    F.sub.n.A,

wherein F is an anion of a compound of the formula ##STR15## wherein R₂₆ is ##STR16## wherein each R₂₈ is independently hydrogen, halo, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, carboxy, sulfo or benzamido,R₄₀ is hydrogen, methyl, --CH₂ --NHCO--C(Cl)═CH₂ or (C₁₋₄ alkyl)carbonylamino, and R₄₁ is hydrogen or halo, and q is 1 or 2, whereineach R₂₅ is independently hydrogen, halo or sulfo, and each R₂₇ is independently hydrogen or cyclohexyl, with the provisos that (i) when F contains one R₂₅ and R₂₅ is hydrogen or halo, at least one R₂₈ is carboxy or sulfo, and (ii) when F contains two R₂₅ 's, at least one of them is sulfo, A is a cation of an amine selected from the group consisting of
 1. 3,5-tri-(1',2',2',6',6'-pentamethylpiperid-4'-yl)trimesinic acid triamide, ##STR17## bis-(2',2',6',6'-tetramethylpiperid-4'-yl)terephthalic acid amide, ##STR18## bis-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperid-4-yl)terephthalic acid amide and bis-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperid-4-yl)isophthalic acid amide, wherein each R₃ is 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl, and n is 1 or
 2. 2. A salt according to claim 1 wherein A is a cation of an amine other than 1,3,5-tri-(1',2',2',6',6'-pentamethylpiperid-4'-yl)trimesinic acid triamide.
 3. A salt according to claim 1 wherein F is an anion of the formula ##STR19## wherein q is 1 or
 2. 4. A salt according to claim 3 wherein A is a cation of an amine other than 1,3,5-tri-(1',2',2',6',6'-pentamethylpiperid-4'-yl)trimesinic acid triamide.
 5. A salt according to claim 1 wherein F is an anion of a compound of the formula ##STR20##
 6. A salt according to claim 5 wherein A is a cation of an amine other than 1,3,5-tri-(1',2',2',6',6'-pentamethylpiperid-4'-yl)trimesinic acid triamide.
 7. A salt according to claim 5 wherein F is an anion of the formula ##STR21##
 8. A salt according to claim 7 wherein A is a cation of an amine other than 1,3,5-tri-(1',2',2',6',6'-pentamethylpiperid-4'-yl)trimesinic acid triamide.
 9. The salt according to claim 8 having the formula ##STR22##
 10. The salt according to claim 8 having the formula ##STR23##
 11. The salt according to claim 8 having the formula ##STR24##
 12. The salt according to claim 8 having the formula ##STR25## 